GLOSSARY¶

16. Glossary¶

Term	Meaning
Ticker	Short symbol for a stock, ETF, or fund
ETF	Exchange-traded fund
Leveraged ETF	ETF designed to move multiple times the underlying index movement
Bear ETF	ETF designed to rise when the underlying index falls
EMA	Exponential Moving Average
Volume	Number of shares traded
Relative Volume / RVOL	Current volume compared with normal volume
Float	Shares available for public trading
Spread	Difference between bid and ask
Gap	Difference between current open and previous close
Support	Price area where buyers may appear
Resistance	Price area where sellers may appear
Consolidation	Sideways price action after a move
Breakout	Price moves above resistance
Breakdown	Price moves below support

Term	Meaning
Montage	Order-entry and Level 2-style trading panel
Equity	Total account value
Buying Power	Amount available for trading
P&L	Profit and loss
Unrealized P&L	Profit/loss on open positions
Realized P&L	Profit/loss from closed trades
Bid	Highest price buyers are offering
Ask	Lowest price sellers are offering
Spread	Difference between bid and ask
Market Order	Order that executes immediately at available price
Limit Order	Order that executes only at your price or better
Stop Order	Order triggered when price reaches a level
Bracket Order	Entry with linked stop and target orders
Time in Force	How long the order stays active
Long Position	Position that benefits if price rises
Short Position	Position that benefits if price falls
Cover	Close a short position
Flatten	Close the active position
EMA	Exponential moving average
Volume	Number of shares traded
Scanner	Tool for finding symbols that match filters

Term	Meaning
Pre-Market	Trading session before the regular market opens
Gap Up	Stock opens or trades above the previous close
Gap Down	Stock opens or trades below the previous close
Catalyst	News or event causing movement
VWAP	Volume Weighted Average Price
EMA	Exponential Moving Average
Volume	Number of shares traded
Relative Volume / RVol	Volume compared with normal activity
Float	Shares available for public trading
Spread	Difference between bid and ask
Premarket High	Highest price reached before market open
Premarket Low	Lowest price reached before market open
Breakout	Price moves above resistance
Breakdown	Price moves below support
Consolidation	Sideways price movement
Liquidity	How easily a stock can be bought or sold

Term	Meaning
Market Open	Start of the regular trading session
HOD	High of Day
LOD	Low of Day
Momentum	Strong directional price movement
Scanner	Tool that finds symbols matching criteria
Top Gainers	Stocks with strong positive percentage moves
Most Active	Symbols with high trading activity
VWAP	Volume Weighted Average Price
EMA	Exponential Moving Average
Volume	Number of shares traded
Relative Volume / RVol	Current volume compared with normal volume
Float	Approximate public shares available for trading
Spread	Difference between bid and ask
Montage	Order-entry panel
Market Order	Order that executes immediately at available price
Limit Order	Order that executes only at your price or better
Short	Trade that benefits if price falls
Cover	Close a short position
Flatten	Close the current position
Time & Sales	Real-time list of trade prints
Level 2 / Depth	Order book and liquidity view
Breakout	Price moves above resistance
Pullback	Price moves back after a larger move
Consolidation	Sideways movement after a move

Term	Meaning
Power Hour	Final part of the regular trading session, often the last hour
Surge	Fast increase in price or activity
Unusual Volume	Volume much higher than normal
VWAP	Volume Weighted Average Price
Volume	Number of shares traded
Relative Volume / RVol	Current volume compared with typical volume
Float	Approximate shares available for public trading
Spread	Difference between bid and ask
High of Day / HOD	Highest price reached during the session
Low of Day / LOD	Lowest price reached during the session
Breakout	Price moves above resistance
Breakdown	Price moves below support
Consolidation	Sideways price action
Alert	Notification when a condition is met
Liquidity	How easily a stock can be bought or sold

Term	Meaning
Crypto Pair	Trading pair such as BTC/USD or ETH/USD
Order Book	List of bid and ask orders at different prices
Bid	Price buyers are willing to pay
Ask	Price sellers are willing to accept
Spread	Difference between bid and ask
Liquidity	How easily an asset can be bought or sold
Depth	Quantity available at different price levels
Candles	Chart bars showing open, high, low, and close
Support	Price area where buyers may appear
Resistance	Price area where sellers may appear
Breakout	Price moves above resistance
Breakdown	Price moves below support
Consolidation	Sideways movement after a move
Volatility	Speed and size of price movement
Timeframe	Chart interval, such as 1m, 15m, or 1D

Term	Meaning
Swing Trading	Trading style that holds positions for days to weeks
52-Week High	Highest price reached in the last year
Oversold	A condition where price may have fallen too far too quickly
RSI	Relative Strength Index
SMA	Simple Moving Average
SMA(50)	50-day moving average
SMA(200)	200-day moving average
Volume	Number of shares traded
Relative Volume / RVol	Current volume compared with normal volume
Float	Approximate shares available for public trading
Support	Price area where buyers may appear
Resistance	Price area where sellers may appear
Breakout	Price moves above resistance
Pullback	Price moves lower after a larger move higher
Consolidation	Sideways price movement
Catalyst	News or event that may move the stock
Position Size	Number of shares or amount of capital used
Stop Loss	Planned exit if the trade moves against you

Gap: Price opens significantly above or below the prior close.
Runner: A stock making a strong directional move, usually with volume.
HOD: High of Day.
VWAP: Volume Weighted Average Price, often used as an intraday trend/reference level.
RSI: Relative Strength Index, a momentum indicator. RSI below 30 is often called oversold; RSI above 70 is often called overbought.
Float: Shares available for public trading. Low-float stocks can move sharply.